{"id":241,"date":"2019-08-28T13:58:34","date_gmt":"2019-08-28T10:58:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ahmetgokhanmutlu.av.tr\/?p=241"},"modified":"2026-09-27T10:08:55","modified_gmt":"2026-09-27T10:08:55","slug":"anayasal-duzene-karsi-islenen-suclar-5237-sayili-tck-309-maddesi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ahmetgokhanmutlu.av.tr\/index.php\/2019\/08\/28\/anayasal-duzene-karsi-islenen-suclar-5237-sayili-tck-309-maddesi\/","title":{"rendered":"Anayasal D\u00fczene Kar\u015f\u0131 Su\u00e7lar ve Cezalar\u0131 (TCK 309\u2013316): 309\u2013312 Fark\u0131, Silahl\u0131 \u00d6rg\u00fct"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><!-- HK-GUNCELLEME 2026-09-27 kaynak:241 --><\/p>\n<div class=\"hk-guncel\"><span class=\"hk-guncel__etiket\">G\u00fcncellendi<\/span> <time datetime=\"2026-09-27\">27 Eyl\u00fcl 2026<\/time><span class=\"hk-guncel__ayrac\">\u00b7<\/span><span>Mevzuat kontrol\u00fc: Resm\u00ee Gazete ve mevzuat.gov.tr<\/span><span class=\"hk-guncel__ayrac\">\u00b7<\/span><span>Yazar: <a href=\"https:\/\/ahmetgokhanmutlu.av.tr\/index.php\/ankara-agir-ceza-avukati-avukat-ahmet-gokhan-mutlu\/\">Av. Ahmet G\u00f6khan Mutlu<\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<p><strong>Anayasal d\u00fczene kar\u015f\u0131 su\u00e7lar<\/strong>, T\u00fcrk Ceza Kanunu&#8217;nun 309 ile 316. maddeleri aras\u0131nda d\u00fczenlenen ve Anayasa&#8217;n\u0131n kurdu\u011fu d\u00fczen ile yasama ve y\u00fcr\u00fctme organlar\u0131n\u0131n i\u015fleyi\u015fini koruyan su\u00e7lard\u0131r. Anayasay\u0131 ihlal, yasama organ\u0131na ve h\u00fck\u00fbmete kar\u015f\u0131 su\u00e7lar <strong>a\u011f\u0131rla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f m\u00fcebbet hapis<\/strong> gerektirir. Silahl\u0131 \u00f6rg\u00fct kurma veya y\u00f6netme 10\u201315 y\u0131l, \u00fcyelik 5\u201310 y\u0131l hapisle cezaland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Ayn\u0131 cezay\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6ren iki madde, hangisinin uygulanaca\u011f\u0131 konusunda san\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan fazla tart\u0131\u015fma yarat\u0131r. TCK 309 (anayasay\u0131 ihlal) ile TCK 312 (h\u00fck\u00fbmete kar\u015f\u0131 su\u00e7) bunun iyi bir \u00f6rne\u011fidir. \u0130kisi de a\u011f\u0131rla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f m\u00fcebbet hapis gerektirir, ama koruduklar\u0131 de\u011fer farkl\u0131d\u0131r. Bu su\u00e7lar T\u00fcrk Ceza Kanunu&#8217;nun \u0130kinci Kitap, D\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc K\u0131s\u0131m, Be\u015finci B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde &#8220;Anayasal D\u00fczene ve Bu D\u00fczenin \u0130\u015fleyi\u015fine Kar\u015f\u0131 Su\u00e7lar&#8221; ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131yla 309 ile 316. maddeler aras\u0131nda d\u00fczenlenir.<\/p>\n<div class=\"hk-ozet\">\n<p class=\"hk-ozet__baslik\">K\u0131saca<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Anayasay\u0131 ihlal (TCK 309): cebir ve \u015fiddetle anayasal d\u00fczeni ortadan kald\u0131rmaya te\u015febb\u00fcs; a\u011f\u0131rla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f m\u00fcebbet.<\/li>\n<li>H\u00fck\u00fbmete kar\u015f\u0131 su\u00e7 (TCK 312): cebir ve \u015fiddetle h\u00fck\u00fbmeti ortadan kald\u0131rmaya veya g\u00f6revini engellemeye te\u015febb\u00fcs; a\u011f\u0131rla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f m\u00fcebbet.<\/li>\n<li>Silahl\u0131 \u00f6rg\u00fct (TCK 314): kurma veya y\u00f6netme 10\u201315 y\u0131l, \u00fcyelik 5\u201310 y\u0131l hapis.<\/li>\n<li>TCK 314\/3, Anayasa Mahkemesi karar\u0131yla 9 Temmuz 2025&#8217;te y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fckten kalkt\u0131.<\/li>\n<li>309, 311\u2013315 ve 310\/1&#8217;deki su\u00e7lar Ter\u00f6rle M\u00fccadele Kanunu&#8217;na g\u00f6re ter\u00f6r su\u00e7udur (TMK m. 3).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<h2>Anayasal D\u00fczene Kar\u015f\u0131 Su\u00e7lar Nelerdir?<\/h2>\n<p>Bu b\u00f6l\u00fcm, devletin temel yap\u0131s\u0131na y\u00f6nelen en a\u011f\u0131r su\u00e7lar\u0131 bir araya getirir ve ceza muhakemesinde de \u00f6zel kurallara tabidir. Korunan hukuki de\u011fer, Anayasa&#8217;n\u0131n kurdu\u011fu d\u00fczenin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile yasama ve y\u00fcr\u00fctme organlar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6revlerini serbest\u00e7e yapabilmesidir. Su\u00e7lar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011funda ceza a\u011f\u0131rla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f m\u00fcebbet hapistir (\u00f6m\u00fcr boyu s\u00fcren ve s\u0131k\u0131 g\u00fcvenlik rejimiyle infaz edilen hapis) ve tan\u0131mda &#8220;cebir ve \u015fiddet kullanarak&#8221; ifadesi yer al\u0131r.<\/p>\n<div class=\"hk-tablo\">\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Madde<\/th>\n<th>Su\u00e7<\/th>\n<th>Temel ceza<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>TCK 309<\/td>\n<td>Anayasay\u0131 ihlal<\/td>\n<td>A\u011f\u0131rla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f m\u00fcebbet<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>TCK 310<\/td>\n<td>Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131na suikast ve fiil\u00ee sald\u0131r\u0131<\/td>\n<td>Suikast: a\u011f\u0131rla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f m\u00fcebbet<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>TCK 311<\/td>\n<td>Yasama organ\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 su\u00e7<\/td>\n<td>A\u011f\u0131rla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f m\u00fcebbet<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>TCK 312<\/td>\n<td>H\u00fck\u00fbmete kar\u015f\u0131 su\u00e7<\/td>\n<td>A\u011f\u0131rla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f m\u00fcebbet<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>TCK 313<\/td>\n<td>H\u00fck\u00fbmete kar\u015f\u0131 silahl\u0131 isyan<\/td>\n<td>6 y\u0131ldan a\u011f\u0131rla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f m\u00fcebbete kadar<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>TCK 314<\/td>\n<td>Silahl\u0131 \u00f6rg\u00fct<\/td>\n<td>Kurma 10\u201315 y\u0131l, \u00fcyelik 5\u201310 y\u0131l<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>TCK 315<\/td>\n<td>Silah sa\u011flama<\/td>\n<td>10\u201315 y\u0131l<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>TCK 316<\/td>\n<td>Su\u00e7 i\u00e7in anla\u015fma<\/td>\n<td>3\u201312 y\u0131l<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<p>Ayn\u0131 k\u0131s\u0131mda, bu b\u00f6l\u00fcmden \u00f6nce devletin g\u00fcvenli\u011fine kar\u015f\u0131 su\u00e7lar (TCK 302\u2013308), sonra da milli savunmaya kar\u015f\u0131 su\u00e7lar gelir. Baz\u0131 kaynaklarda bu ba\u015fl\u0131k alt\u0131nda an\u0131lan asker\u00ee komutanl\u0131klar\u0131n gasb\u0131 (TCK 317) asl\u0131nda Alt\u0131nc\u0131 B\u00f6l\u00fcmdeki milli savunmaya kar\u015f\u0131 su\u00e7lar aras\u0131ndad\u0131r ve m\u00fcebbet hapis cezas\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcr. Bu nedenle 317, <strong>anayasal d\u00fczene kar\u015f\u0131 su\u00e7lar<\/strong> listesinde yer almaz. B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131n\u0131 do\u011fru \u00e7izmek; ter\u00f6r su\u00e7u niteli\u011fi, koruma tedbiri kataloglar\u0131 ve zamana\u015f\u0131m\u0131 kurallar\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan do\u011frudan sonu\u00e7 do\u011furur.<\/p>\n<h3>Devletin g\u00fcvenli\u011fine kar\u015f\u0131 su\u00e7lardan fark\u0131<\/h3>\n<p>Uygulamada anayasal d\u00fczene kar\u015f\u0131 su\u00e7lar ile TCK 302&#8217;deki &#8220;Devletin birli\u011fini ve \u00fclke b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc bozmak&#8221; su\u00e7u s\u0131k\u00e7a kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. 302, devlet topraklar\u0131n\u0131n tamam\u0131n\u0131 veya bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 yabanc\u0131 bir devletin egemenli\u011fi alt\u0131na koymaya, devletin ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 zay\u0131flatmaya, birli\u011fini bozmaya ya da topraklar\u0131n\u0131n bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 devlet idaresinden ay\u0131rmaya y\u00f6nelik fiili cezaland\u0131r\u0131r. Bu su\u00e7un cezas\u0131 da a\u011f\u0131rla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f m\u00fcebbettir.<\/p>\n<p>Aradaki fark korunan de\u011ferdedir. 302 devletin \u00fclkesi ve b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc, 309\u2013312 ise anayasal d\u00fczeni ve devlet organlar\u0131n\u0131n i\u015fleyi\u015fini korur. 302&#8217;nin tan\u0131m\u0131nda &#8220;cebir ve \u015fiddet&#8221; ifadesi yer almazken 309, 311 ve 312 bunu a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a arar. \u0130ki grup da TMK m. 3&#8217;e g\u00f6re ter\u00f6r su\u00e7udur ve CMK&#8217;daki koruma tedbiri kataloglar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7o\u011funda birlikte say\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"hk-gorsel\"><img src=\"https:\/\/ahmetgokhanmutlu.av.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/anayasal-duzene-karsi-islenen-suclar-5237-sayili-tck-309-mad-1.webp\" alt=\"Anayasal d\u00fczene kar\u015f\u0131 su\u00e7lar: TCK 309, 312, 314 ve 316 maddelerindeki su\u00e7lar ve cezalar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6steren tablo\" width=\"1200\" height=\"752\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" \/><figcaption>Anayasal D\u00fczene Kar\u015f\u0131 Su\u00e7lar ve Cezalar\u0131<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2>Anayasay\u0131 \u0130hlal Su\u00e7u Nedir? TCK 309 ve Cezas\u0131<\/h2>\n<p>TCK 309\/1&#8217;e g\u00f6re cebir ve \u015fiddet kullanarak Anayasa&#8217;n\u0131n \u00f6ng\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc d\u00fczeni ortadan kald\u0131rmaya, yerine ba\u015fka bir d\u00fczen getirmeye veya bu d\u00fczenin fiilen uygulanmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nlemeye te\u015febb\u00fcs edenler a\u011f\u0131rla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f m\u00fcebbet hapisle cezaland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. Eylem s\u0131ras\u0131nda ba\u015fka su\u00e7lar i\u015flenirse bunlardan ayr\u0131ca ceza verilir (309\/2). T\u00fczel ki\u015filer hakk\u0131nda ise bunlara \u00f6zg\u00fc g\u00fcvenlik tedbirlerine h\u00fckmolunur (309\/3).<\/p>\n<p>Kanun su\u00e7u &#8220;te\u015febb\u00fcs edenler&#8221; diye tan\u0131mlar. \u00d6\u011fretide bu yap\u0131 &#8220;te\u015febb\u00fcs su\u00e7u&#8221; olarak adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. Ama\u00e7lanan sonucun, yani d\u00fczenin ger\u00e7ekten y\u0131k\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmesi aranmaz. Cebir ve \u015fiddete dayanan ve amaca ula\u015fmaya elveri\u015fli icra hareketlerine ba\u015flanmas\u0131 yeterlidir. Genel kurallar <a href=\"https:\/\/ahmetgokhanmutlu.av.tr\/index.php\/2023\/08\/21\/suca-tesebbus-ve-gonullu-vazgecme-hallerinde-suc-ve-cezalari\/\">su\u00e7a te\u015febb\u00fcs ve g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc vazge\u00e7me h\u00e2llerini<\/a> anlatan yaz\u0131m\u0131zda yer al\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Su\u00e7un belirleyici unsuru cebir ve \u015fiddettir. Anayasa&#8217;n\u0131n de\u011fi\u015ftirilmesini savunan d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce a\u00e7\u0131klamalar\u0131 veya bar\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131l siyasi faaliyetler, cebir ve \u015fiddet yoksa bu maddeye girmez. Hareketlerin anayasal d\u00fczeni ger\u00e7ekten tehlikeye sokabilecek elveri\u015flilikte olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 da somut olay\u0131n ko\u015fullar\u0131na g\u00f6re de\u011ferlendirilir.<\/p>\n<p>Fail herkes olabilir; kanun belirli bir s\u0131fat aramaz. Birden fazla ki\u015finin kat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 eylemlerde kimin fail, kimin azmettiren ya da yard\u0131m eden oldu\u011fu TCK&#8217;n\u0131n <a href=\"https:\/\/ahmetgokhanmutlu.av.tr\/index.php\/2023\/07\/28\/suca-istirak-faillik\/\">su\u00e7a i\u015ftirak ve faillik h\u00fck\u00fcmlerine<\/a> g\u00f6re belirlenir.<\/p>\n<p>\u00d6rne\u011fin eylem s\u0131ras\u0131nda bir kamu binas\u0131na zarar verilir veya bir ki\u015fi yaralan\u0131rsa, 309\/2 gere\u011fi mala zarar verme ve yaralama su\u00e7lar\u0131ndan ayr\u0131ca ceza g\u00fcndeme gelir. Bu nedenle dosyada her eylemin ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 nitelendirilmesi ve delillendirilmesi gerekir.<\/p>\n<h2>TCK 309 ile TCK 312 Aras\u0131ndaki Fark Nedir?<\/h2>\n<p>\u0130ki su\u00e7 ayn\u0131 cezay\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcr ve ikisi de cebir ve \u015fiddet ister. Fark, fiilin hedefinde ve failin amac\u0131ndad\u0131r. TCK 309&#8217;da hedef anayasal d\u00fczenin b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcd\u00fcr. Devletin temel yap\u0131s\u0131 ve Anayasa&#8217;n\u0131n kurdu\u011fu sistem ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lmak ya da de\u011fi\u015ftirilmek istenir. TCK 312&#8217;de hedef T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti H\u00fck\u00fbmetidir. H\u00fck\u00fbmeti ortadan kald\u0131rmaya veya g\u00f6revlerini k\u0131smen ya da tamamen engellemeye te\u015febb\u00fcs cezaland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n<div class=\"hk-tablo\">\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u00d6l\u00e7\u00fct<\/th>\n<th>TCK 309, anayasay\u0131 ihlal<\/th>\n<th>TCK 312, h\u00fck\u00fbmete kar\u015f\u0131 su\u00e7<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Hedef<\/td>\n<td>Anayasan\u0131n \u00f6ng\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc d\u00fczen<\/td>\n<td>T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti H\u00fck\u00fbmeti<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Se\u00e7imlik hareketler<\/td>\n<td>Ortadan kald\u0131rma, ba\u015fka d\u00fczen getirme, fiilen uygulanmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nleme<\/td>\n<td>Ortadan kald\u0131rma, g\u00f6revlerini k\u0131smen veya tamamen engelleme<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Ara\u00e7<\/td>\n<td>Cebir ve \u015fiddet<\/td>\n<td>Cebir ve \u015fiddet<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Ceza<\/td>\n<td>A\u011f\u0131rla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f m\u00fcebbet<\/td>\n<td>A\u011f\u0131rla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f m\u00fcebbet<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>T\u00fczel ki\u015fiye g\u00fcvenlik tedbiri<\/td>\n<td>A\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f (309\/3)<\/td>\n<td>Maddede ayr\u0131ca d\u00fczenlenmemi\u015f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<p>Ayn\u0131 eylemin hangi maddeye girece\u011fi, failin kast\u0131n\u0131n kapsam\u0131na g\u00f6re belirlenir. Eylem anayasal sistemin tamam\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirmeye y\u00f6nelikse 309, y\u00fcr\u00fctme organ\u0131n\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131na veya i\u015fleyi\u015fine y\u00f6nelikse 312 g\u00fcndeme gelir. Yasama organ\u0131na y\u00f6nelik eylemler ise ayr\u0131 bir madde olan TCK 311&#8217;de d\u00fczenlenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n<div class=\"hk-not hk-not--bilgi\">\n<p><strong>Uygulamada:<\/strong> Ceza ayn\u0131 oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in ayr\u0131m \u00f6nemsiz g\u00f6r\u00fcnebilir. Oysa nitelendirme; kast\u0131n neyi kapsad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ispat\u0131, i\u015ftirak ili\u015fkisinin kurulmas\u0131 ve t\u00fczel ki\u015fi hakk\u0131nda g\u00fcvenlik tedbiri uygulan\u0131p uygulanamayaca\u011f\u0131 gibi konularda sonu\u00e7 do\u011furur. Savunmada iddianamedeki nitelendirmenin delillere dayan\u0131p dayanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ayr\u0131ca tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 bu y\u00fczden gereklidir.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h3>Eylemden maddeye: sade bir nitelendirme rehberi<\/h3>\n<p>A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki tablo, kanun metinlerindeki hedef ve hareket unsurlar\u0131n\u0131 basit \u00f6rneklere uygular. \u00d6rnekler anonim ve varsay\u0131msald\u0131r. Somut dosyada nitelendirme her zaman kast\u0131n kapsam\u0131na ve delillere g\u00f6re yap\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n<div class=\"hk-tablo\">\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Varsay\u0131msal eylem<\/th>\n<th>G\u00fcndeme gelen madde<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Silahl\u0131 bir grubun anayasal sistemi de\u011fi\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in kilit kurumlar\u0131 zorla ele ge\u00e7irmeye giri\u015fmesi<\/td>\n<td>TCK 309<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Meclisin toplanmas\u0131n\u0131 silah zoruyla engelleme giri\u015fimi<\/td>\n<td>TCK 311<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Bakanl\u0131k binalar\u0131n\u0131 silah zoruyla ele ge\u00e7irip y\u00fcr\u00fctmenin i\u015flemesini engelleme giri\u015fimi<\/td>\n<td>TCK 312<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Halk\u0131 H\u00fck\u00fbmete kar\u015f\u0131 silahlanmaya \u00e7a\u011f\u0131rma<\/td>\n<td>TCK 313\/1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fcn depolar\u0131na bilerek silah ta\u015f\u0131ma<\/td>\n<td>TCK 315<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Plan yap\u0131p ara\u00e7 temin eden, ancak hen\u00fcz harekete ge\u00e7meyen ki\u015filer<\/td>\n<td>TCK 316<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<p>Tablodaki ayr\u0131mlar birbirini d\u0131\u015flamaz. Ayn\u0131 ki\u015fi hem silahl\u0131 \u00f6rg\u00fct \u00fcyeli\u011finden (314) hem de \u00f6rg\u00fct faaliyeti \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde kat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir eylemden (\u00f6rne\u011fin 309 veya 312) ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 yarg\u0131lanabilir. TCK 220\/4, 314\/4 yollamas\u0131yla bu sonucu a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a kabul eder. Eylem s\u0131ras\u0131nda i\u015flenen yaralama veya mala zarar verme gibi su\u00e7lar i\u00e7in de 309\/2, 311\/2 ve 312\/2 ayr\u0131 ceza \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcr.<\/p>\n<h2>Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131na Suikast ve Yasama Organ\u0131na Kar\u015f\u0131 Su\u00e7<\/h2>\n<p>TCK 310\/1&#8217;e g\u00f6re Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131na suikastte bulunan ki\u015fi a\u011f\u0131rla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f m\u00fcebbet hapisle cezaland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. Fiile te\u015febb\u00fcs edilmesi h\u00e2linde de su\u00e7 tamamlanm\u0131\u015f gibi ceza verilir. Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 di\u011fer fiil\u00ee sald\u0131r\u0131larda ise ilgili su\u00e7un cezas\u0131 yar\u0131 oran\u0131nda art\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r ve bu \u015fekilde verilecek ceza be\u015f y\u0131ldan az olamaz (310\/2). \u00d6rne\u011fin bir kalabal\u0131k i\u00e7inde Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131na fiziksel sald\u0131r\u0131da bulunan ki\u015fi, basit yaralama sonucu do\u011fsa bile en az be\u015f y\u0131l hapisle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>TCK 311&#8217;e g\u00f6re cebir ve \u015fiddet kullanarak T\u00fcrkiye B\u00fcy\u00fck Millet Meclisini ortadan kald\u0131rmaya veya g\u00f6revlerini k\u0131smen ya da tamamen yapmas\u0131n\u0131 engellemeye te\u015febb\u00fcs edenler a\u011f\u0131rla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f m\u00fcebbet hapisle cezaland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. Eylem s\u0131ras\u0131nda ba\u015fka su\u00e7lar i\u015flenirse bunlardan da ayr\u0131ca ceza verilir. Ter\u00f6rle M\u00fccadele Kanunu bak\u0131m\u0131ndan 310&#8217;un yaln\u0131zca birinci f\u0131kras\u0131 ter\u00f6r su\u00e7u say\u0131l\u0131r; ikinci f\u0131kradaki fiil\u00ee sald\u0131r\u0131 ise ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fc faaliyeti \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde i\u015flenirse TMK m. 4 kapsam\u0131nda ter\u00f6r su\u00e7u olur.<\/p>\n<h2>Silahl\u0131 \u0130syan (TCK 313) ve Silahl\u0131 \u00d6rg\u00fct \u00dcyeli\u011fi Cezas\u0131 (TCK 314)<\/h2>\n<p>TCK 313, halk\u0131 H\u00fck\u00fbmete kar\u015f\u0131 silahl\u0131 isyana tahrik edeni 15\u201320 y\u0131l hapisle cezaland\u0131r\u0131r; isyan ger\u00e7ekle\u015firse tahrik eden hakk\u0131nda 20\u201325 y\u0131l hapis verilir. Silahl\u0131 isyan\u0131 idare eden ki\u015fi a\u011f\u0131rla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f m\u00fcebbet, isyana kat\u0131lan di\u011fer ki\u015filer 6\u201310 y\u0131l hapis al\u0131r. Bu su\u00e7lar\u0131n devletin sava\u015f h\u00e2linde olmas\u0131ndan yararlan\u0131larak i\u015flenmesi h\u00e2linde ceza a\u011f\u0131rla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f m\u00fcebbettir.<\/p>\n<p>TCK 314&#8217;e g\u00f6re D\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc ve Be\u015finci B\u00f6l\u00fcmdeki su\u00e7lar\u0131 i\u015flemek amac\u0131yla <strong>silahl\u0131 \u00f6rg\u00fct<\/strong> kuran veya y\u00f6neten ki\u015fi 10\u201315 y\u0131l, \u00fcye olan ki\u015fi 5\u201310 y\u0131l hapis al\u0131r. 314\/4, <a href=\"https:\/\/ahmetgokhanmutlu.av.tr\/index.php\/2023\/11\/08\/suc-islemek-amaciyla-orgut-kurma-sucu-ve-cezasi-nedir\/\">su\u00e7 i\u015flemek amac\u0131yla \u00f6rg\u00fct kurma<\/a> su\u00e7una ili\u015fkin di\u011fer h\u00fck\u00fcmlerin burada da aynen uygulanaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yler. B\u00f6ylece TCK 220 ve 221&#8217;deki kurallar silahl\u0131 \u00f6rg\u00fct dosyalar\u0131nda da devreye girer.<\/p>\n<div class=\"hk-tablo\">\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>TCK 220\u2013221 kural\u0131<\/th>\n<th>Silahl\u0131 \u00f6rg\u00fct dosyas\u0131ndaki sonucu<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u00d6rg\u00fct faaliyeti \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde su\u00e7 i\u015flenmesi (220\/4)<\/td>\n<td>Bu su\u00e7lardan ayr\u0131ca ceza verilir<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Hiyerar\u015fiye dahil olmadan bilerek yard\u0131m (220\/7)<\/td>\n<td>\u00dcye olarak cezaland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r; ceza \u00fc\u00e7te birine kadar indirilebilir<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>G\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc ayr\u0131l\u0131p bildirme (221\/2)<\/td>\n<td>\u00d6rg\u00fct faaliyetine i\u015ftirak yoksa ceza verilmez<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Teslim olup bilgi verme (221\/4)<\/td>\n<td>\u00d6rg\u00fct su\u00e7undan ceza verilmez; yakaland\u0131ktan sonra ise indirim uygulan\u0131r<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"hk-not hk-not--uyari\">\n<p><strong>2024\u20132025 geli\u015fmesi:<\/strong> 7499 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanunla 2024&#8217;te TCK 314&#8217;e eklenen \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc f\u0131kra, Anayasa Mahkemesinin 5 Kas\u0131m 2024 tarihli, E.2024\/81, K.2024\/189 say\u0131l\u0131 karar\u0131yla iptal edildi. Karar 9 Ocak 2025&#8217;te Resm\u00ee Gazete&#8217;de yay\u0131mland\u0131 ve iptal alt\u0131 ay sonra, 9 Temmuz 2025&#8217;te y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girdi. Ayn\u0131 kararla TCK 220\/6 da iptal edildi. Su\u00e7 tarihine g\u00f6re lehe kanun (TCK m. 7) de\u011ferlendirilmelidir.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>7571 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun 25 Aral\u0131k 2025&#8217;ten itibaren TCK 220&#8217;deki cezalar\u0131 art\u0131rd\u0131. Ancak silahl\u0131 \u00f6rg\u00fct cezalar\u0131 TCK 314&#8217;te ayr\u0131ca d\u00fczenlendi\u011fi i\u00e7in bu art\u0131\u015f 314&#8217;teki 10\u201315 ve 5\u201310 y\u0131ll\u0131k aral\u0131klar\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirmedi. Eski ve yeni kaynaklar\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131rken bu ayr\u0131ma dikkat etmek gerekir.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"hk-gorsel\"><img src=\"https:\/\/ahmetgokhanmutlu.av.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/anayasal-duzene-karsi-islenen-suclar-5237-sayili-tck-309-mad-2.webp\" alt=\"Anayasay\u0131 ihlal (TCK 309) ile h\u00fck\u00fbmete kar\u015f\u0131 su\u00e7 (TCK 312) aras\u0131ndaki farklar\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131ran tablo\" width=\"1200\" height=\"630\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" \/><figcaption>TCK 309 ile TCK 312 Aras\u0131ndaki Fark<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2>Silah Sa\u011flama (TCK 315) ve Su\u00e7 \u0130\u00e7in Anla\u015fma (TCK 316)<\/h2>\n<p>TCK 315&#8217;e g\u00f6re bu \u00f6rg\u00fctlerin faaliyetlerinde kullan\u0131lmak \u00fczere, ama\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 bilerek \u00f6rg\u00fctlere \u00fcretmek, sat\u0131n almak veya \u00fclkeye sokmak suretiyle silah temin eden, nakleden veya depolayan ki\u015fi 10\u201315 y\u0131l hapisle cezaland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. \u00d6rg\u00fctle ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131 kurulamayan silah ticareti ise <a href=\"https:\/\/ahmetgokhanmutlu.av.tr\/index.php\/2023\/08\/08\/6136-sayili-atesli-silahlar-ve-bicaklar-ile-diger-aletler-hakkinda-kanun\/\">6136 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanundaki silah ka\u00e7ak\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/a> h\u00fck\u00fcmleri kapsam\u0131nda de\u011ferlendirilir. \u00d6rg\u00fcte para ve kaynak aktar\u0131m\u0131 da ayr\u0131ca <a href=\"https:\/\/ahmetgokhanmutlu.av.tr\/index.php\/2024\/06\/03\/terorizmin-finansmaninin-onlenmesi-hakkinda-kanunun-amac-ve-kapsami-nedir\/\">6415 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanundaki ter\u00f6rizmin finansman\u0131<\/a> su\u00e7unu olu\u015fturabilir.<\/p>\n<p>TCK 316\/1, D\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc ve Be\u015finci B\u00f6l\u00fcmdeki su\u00e7lardan birini elveri\u015fli vas\u0131talarla i\u015flemek \u00fczere iki veya daha fazla ki\u015finin maddi olgularla belirlenen bir bi\u00e7imde anla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 cezaland\u0131r\u0131r. Ceza, ama\u00e7lanan su\u00e7lar\u0131n a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6re 3\u201312 y\u0131l hapistir. Hen\u00fcz icra hareketine ge\u00e7ilmemi\u015f bir haz\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 cezaland\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in istisnai bir d\u00fczenlemedir.<\/p>\n<p>316\/2&#8217;ye g\u00f6re ama\u00e7lanan su\u00e7 i\u015flenmeden veya anla\u015fma nedeniyle soru\u015fturmaya ba\u015flanmadan \u00f6nce ittifaktan \u00e7ekilene ceza verilmez. Su\u00e7 i\u00e7in anla\u015fman\u0131n \u00f6rg\u00fctten fark\u0131, kal\u0131c\u0131 bir yap\u0131 ve hiyerar\u015fi aranmamas\u0131d\u0131r. Belirli su\u00e7lar i\u00e7in somut olgularla ortaya konmu\u015f bir uzla\u015fma yeterlidir. \u00d6rne\u011fin birka\u00e7 ki\u015finin bir kamu binas\u0131n\u0131 ele ge\u00e7irme plan\u0131n\u0131 yaz\u0131\u015fmalarla netle\u015ftirip ara\u00e7 temin etmesi, \u00f6rg\u00fct kurulmasa bile bu madde y\u00f6n\u00fcnden de\u011ferlendirilebilir.<\/p>\n<h2>Anayasal D\u00fczene Kar\u015f\u0131 Su\u00e7lar Ter\u00f6r Su\u00e7u mudur?<\/h2>\n<p>Evet, <strong>anayasal d\u00fczene kar\u015f\u0131 su\u00e7lar\u0131n<\/strong> b\u00fcy\u00fck b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc ter\u00f6r su\u00e7udur. 3713 say\u0131l\u0131 Ter\u00f6rle M\u00fccadele Kanunu&#8217;nun 3. maddesine g\u00f6re TCK 302, 307, 309, 311, 312, 313, 314, 315 ve 320. maddeleri ile 310. maddenin birinci f\u0131kras\u0131ndaki su\u00e7lar ter\u00f6r su\u00e7udur. TCK 316&#8217;daki su\u00e7 i\u00e7in anla\u015fma ise TMK m. 4&#8217;te say\u0131l\u0131r. Yani ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcn faaliyeti \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde i\u015flenirse ter\u00f6r su\u00e7u say\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>TMK m. 5&#8217;e g\u00f6re ter\u00f6r su\u00e7lar\u0131nda hapis ve adli para cezalar\u0131 yar\u0131 oran\u0131nda art\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. M\u00fcebbet hapis yerine a\u011f\u0131rla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f m\u00fcebbet uygulan\u0131r. Cezas\u0131 zaten a\u011f\u0131rla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f m\u00fcebbet olan anayasal d\u00fczene kar\u015f\u0131 su\u00e7larda bu art\u0131r\u0131m ayr\u0131ca sonu\u00e7 do\u011furmaz. Art\u0131r\u0131m \u00e7ocuklar hakk\u0131nda uygulanmaz. Silahl\u0131 \u00f6rg\u00fct \u00fcyeli\u011finde ise 5\u201310 y\u0131ll\u0131k aral\u0131k bu h\u00fck\u00fcmle birlikte de\u011ferlendirilir.<\/p>\n<p>TMK m. 1 ter\u00f6r\u00fc; cebir ve \u015fiddet kullanarak bask\u0131, korkutma, y\u0131ld\u0131rma, sindirme veya tehdit y\u00f6ntemlerinden biriyle, Anayasa&#8217;da belirtilen Cumhuriyetin niteliklerini ve d\u00fczeni de\u011fi\u015ftirmek gibi ama\u00e7larla bir \u00f6rg\u00fcte mensup ki\u015filerce giri\u015filen su\u00e7 eylemleri olarak tan\u0131mlar. <\/p>\n<p>TMK m. 2&#8217;ye g\u00f6re \u00f6rg\u00fcte mensup olmasa dahi \u00f6rg\u00fct ad\u0131na su\u00e7 i\u015fleyen ki\u015fi de ter\u00f6r su\u00e7lusu say\u0131l\u0131r. \u00d6rne\u011fin \u00f6rg\u00fctle hiyerar\u015fik ba\u011f\u0131 bulunmayan, ancak \u00f6rg\u00fct ad\u0131na bir kamu binas\u0131na sald\u0131r\u0131ya kat\u0131lan ki\u015fi bu kapsamda de\u011ferlendirilir.<\/p>\n<h3>\u00c7ocuklar bak\u0131m\u0131ndan 2026 de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi<\/h3>\n<p>18 A\u011fustos 2026&#8217;da y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe giren 7593 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun, adli s\u00fcre\u00e7teki \u00e7ocuklara verilecek cezalar\u0131 y\u00fckseltti. Su\u00e7 a\u011f\u0131rla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f m\u00fcebbet gerektiriyorsa 15\u201318 ya\u015f grubundaki \u00e7ocuk i\u00e7in ceza 19\u201327 y\u0131l (\u00f6nceden 18\u201324), cezai sorumlulu\u011fu bulunan 12\u201315 ya\u015f grubu i\u00e7in 13\u201318 y\u0131l (\u00f6nceden 12\u201315) hapistir (TCK 31\/2\u20133). Bu de\u011fi\u015fiklik, a\u011f\u0131rla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f m\u00fcebbet \u00f6ng\u00f6ren t\u00fcm su\u00e7lar\u0131 etkiler. 18 A\u011fustos 2026&#8217;dan \u00f6nceki fiillerde lehe kanun (TCK m. 7) uygulan\u0131r. \u00c7ocuklara \u00f6zg\u00fc usul <a href=\"https:\/\/ahmetgokhanmutlu.av.tr\/index.php\/2025\/08\/13\/cocuk-koruma-kanununun-amaci-hukumleri-nelerdir\/\">\u00c7ocuk Koruma Kanunu&#8217;nun h\u00fck\u00fcmleri<\/a> ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 yaz\u0131m\u0131zda anlat\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"hk-gorsel\"><img src=\"https:\/\/ahmetgokhanmutlu.av.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/anayasal-duzene-karsi-islenen-suclar-5237-sayili-tck-309-mad-3.webp\" alt=\"Anayasal d\u00fczene kar\u015f\u0131 su\u00e7larda ter\u00f6r su\u00e7u niteli\u011fi, tutuklama ve zamana\u015f\u0131m\u0131 kurallar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6zetleyen bilgi kart\u0131\" width=\"1200\" height=\"692\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" \/><figcaption>Ter\u00f6r Su\u00e7u Niteli\u011fi ve Muhakeme<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2>Anayasal D\u00fczene Kar\u015f\u0131 Su\u00e7larda Soru\u015fturma, Tutuklama ve Zamana\u015f\u0131m\u0131<\/h2>\n<p>Bu su\u00e7larda soru\u015fturman\u0131n y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcl\u00fc\u015f\u00fc baz\u0131 \u00f6zel kurallara ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. CMK 161\/8&#8217;e g\u00f6re TCK 302, 309, 311, 312, 313, 314, 315 ve 316&#8217;daki su\u00e7larda, g\u00f6rev s\u0131ras\u0131nda veya g\u00f6revden dolay\u0131 i\u015flenmi\u015f olsa bile Cumhuriyet savc\u0131lar\u0131 do\u011frudan soru\u015fturma yapar. Yani kamu g\u00f6revlileri i\u00e7in normalde aranan soru\u015fturma izni bu su\u00e7larda aranmaz. M\u0130T mensuplar\u0131na ili\u015fkin \u00f6zel h\u00fck\u00fcm sakl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Kovu\u015fturma evresinde g\u00f6revli mahkeme a\u011f\u0131r ceza mahkemesidir. 5235 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanunun 12. maddesi D\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc K\u0131sm\u0131n Be\u015finci B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcndeki su\u00e7lar ile Ter\u00f6rle M\u00fccadele Kanunu kapsam\u0131ndaki su\u00e7lar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a a\u011f\u0131r cezaya b\u0131rak\u0131r.<\/p>\n<div class=\"hk-tablo\">\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>CMK h\u00fckm\u00fc<\/th>\n<th>Kapsamdaki TCK maddeleri<\/th>\n<th>Sonu\u00e7<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>m. 100\/3 (tutuklama katalogu)<\/td>\n<td>309\u2013315<\/td>\n<td>Kuvvetli \u015f\u00fcphe varsa tutuklama nedeni var say\u0131labilir<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>m. 135 ve 140<\/td>\n<td>309, 311\u2013316<\/td>\n<td>\u0130leti\u015fimin denetlenmesi ve teknik takip m\u00fcmk\u00fcn<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>m. 153\/2<\/td>\n<td>309\u2013316<\/td>\n<td>M\u00fcdafiin dosya inceleme yetkisi k\u0131s\u0131tlanabilir<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>m. 161\/8<\/td>\n<td>302, 309, 311\u2013316<\/td>\n<td>Soru\u015fturma izni aranmaz, savc\u0131 do\u011frudan soru\u015fturur<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<p>Tutuklaman\u0131n genel \u015fartlar\u0131 <a href=\"https:\/\/ahmetgokhanmutlu.av.tr\/index.php\/2023\/10\/09\/tutuklama-hangi-hallerde-olur\/\">tutuklaman\u0131n hangi h\u00e2llerde m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011funu<\/a> anlatan yaz\u0131m\u0131zda yer al\u0131r. Tutuklama ve k\u0131s\u0131tlama kararlar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 itiraz s\u00fcresi, 7499 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanunla yap\u0131lan de\u011fi\u015fiklikten sonra iki haftad\u0131r (CMK m. 268).<\/p>\n<p><strong>Dava zamana\u015f\u0131m\u0131<\/strong>, a\u011f\u0131rla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f m\u00fcebbet hapis gerektiren su\u00e7larda 30 y\u0131ld\u0131r (TCK 66\/1-a). D\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc K\u0131s\u0131mdaki a\u011f\u0131rla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f m\u00fcebbet, m\u00fcebbet veya on y\u0131ldan fazla hapis gerektiren su\u00e7lar yurt d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda i\u015flenmi\u015fse dava zamana\u015f\u0131m\u0131 hi\u00e7 uygulanmaz (TCK 66\/7).<\/p>\n<p>Bu su\u00e7lar\u0131n alt s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 iki y\u0131l\u0131n \u00fczerinde oldu\u011fundan h\u00fckm\u00fcn a\u00e7\u0131klanmas\u0131n\u0131n geri b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131 (HAGB, mahk\u00fbmiyetin belli \u015fartlarla sonu\u00e7 do\u011furmamas\u0131) ancak indirimler sonucunda h\u00fckmolunan ceza iki y\u0131l veya alt\u0131na inerse tart\u0131\u015f\u0131labilir. CMK m. 231, 31.07.2026 tarihli Resm\u00ee Gazete&#8217;de yay\u0131mlanan 7589 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanunla yeniden d\u00fczenlendi. Anayasa Mahkemesinin 231\/5\u201314. f\u0131kralara ili\u015fkin iptal karar\u0131 da 30.09.2026&#8217;da y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girecek, bu y\u00fczden somut dosyada g\u00fcncel metin kontrol edilmelidir. Soru\u015fturma ve kovu\u015fturma s\u00fcre\u00e7lerindeki hukuki destek i\u00e7in <a href=\"https:\/\/ahmetgokhanmutlu.av.tr\/index.php\/ceza-hukuku-ceza-muhakemesi-hukuku-ankara-agir-ceza-avukati\/\">ceza hukuku ve ceza muhakemesi hukuku<\/a> sayfam\u0131z incelenebilir.<\/p>\n<h3>M\u00fcdafi ve dosyaya eri\u015fim<\/h3>\n<p>CMK 153\/2&#8217;deki k\u0131s\u0131tlama karar\u0131, soru\u015fturman\u0131n amac\u0131n\u0131 tehlikeye d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrebilecek h\u00e2llerde savc\u0131n\u0131n istemi ve h\u00e2kim karar\u0131yla verilir. K\u0131s\u0131tlama s\u0131n\u0131rs\u0131z de\u011fildir. \u015e\u00fcphelinin ifade tutana\u011f\u0131, bilirki\u015fi raporlar\u0131 ve \u015f\u00fcphelinin veya m\u00fcdafiin haz\u0131r bulunmaya yetkili oldu\u011fu i\u015flemlere ait tutanaklar k\u0131s\u0131tlaman\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kal\u0131r (CMK 153\/3). \u0130ddianame mahkemece kabul edildikten sonra ise m\u00fcdafi dosyan\u0131n tamam\u0131n\u0131 inceleyebilir (CMK 153\/4).<\/p>\n<p>Tutuklu \u015f\u00fcphelinin durumu soru\u015fturma evresinde en ge\u00e7 otuzar g\u00fcnl\u00fck s\u00fcrelerle sulh ceza h\u00e2kimince incelenir (CMK 108\/1). Bu incelemelerde tutuklaman\u0131n \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, delil durumundaki de\u011fi\u015fiklik ve adli kontrol\u00fcn yeterli olup olmayaca\u011f\u0131 ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclebilir. \u00d6rne\u011fin yaz\u0131\u015fma i\u00e7erikleri d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda somut delil bulunmayan bir dosyada, bilirki\u015fi raporu geldikten sonra tutuklulu\u011fun devam\u0131 yeniden tart\u0131\u015fmaya a\u00e7\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n<p>Anayasal d\u00fczene kar\u015f\u0131 su\u00e7lar dosyalar\u0131nda delil \u00e7o\u011fu zaman dijital materyal, tan\u0131k beyanlar\u0131 ve \u00f6rg\u00fct i\u00e7i yaz\u0131\u015fmalardan olu\u015fur. Bu nedenle elkoyma ve incelemenin usule uygunlu\u011fu, imaj al\u0131nmas\u0131 ve rapordaki tespitlerin kime ait cihazdan elde edildi\u011fi savunman\u0131n temel konular\u0131 aras\u0131ndad\u0131r. Soru\u015fturman\u0131n ilk a\u015famas\u0131 i\u00e7in <a href=\"https:\/\/ahmetgokhanmutlu.av.tr\/index.php\/2023\/10\/09\/5271-sayili-ceza-muhakemesi-kanununda-yakalama-ve-gozalti-islemleri\/\">CMK&#8217;daki yakalama ve g\u00f6zalt\u0131 i\u015flemleri<\/a> yaz\u0131m\u0131za bak\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n<h2>Anayasal D\u00fczene Kar\u015f\u0131 Su\u00e7lar Hakk\u0131nda S\u0131k Sorulan Sorular<\/h2>\n<div class=\"hk-sss\">\n<details>\n<summary>Anayasay\u0131 ihlal su\u00e7unun cezas\u0131 nedir?<\/summary>\n<p>A\u011f\u0131rla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f m\u00fcebbet hapistir (TCK 309\/1). Cebir ve \u015fiddetle anayasal d\u00fczeni ortadan kald\u0131rmaya, yerine ba\u015fka bir d\u00fczen getirmeye veya fiilen uygulanmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nlemeye te\u015febb\u00fcs eden ki\u015fiye bu ceza verilir. Eylem s\u0131ras\u0131nda i\u015flenen di\u011fer su\u00e7lardan ayr\u0131ca ceza verilir. T\u00fczel ki\u015filer hakk\u0131nda ise bunlara \u00f6zg\u00fc g\u00fcvenlik tedbirlerine h\u00fckmolunur (309\/3).<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>TCK 309 ile 312 aras\u0131ndaki fark nedir?<\/summary>\n<p>Fark hedeftedir. TCK 309 Anayasa&#8217;n\u0131n \u00f6ng\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc d\u00fczenin b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcne, TCK 312 ise H\u00fck\u00fbmetin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131na veya g\u00f6revlerini yapmas\u0131na y\u00f6nelik cebir ve \u015fiddet i\u00e7eren te\u015febb\u00fcs\u00fc cezaland\u0131r\u0131r. \u0130ki su\u00e7un cezas\u0131 da a\u011f\u0131rla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f m\u00fcebbet hapistir. Eylem anayasal sistemin tamam\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirmeye y\u00f6nelikse 309, y\u00fcr\u00fctme organ\u0131n\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131na veya i\u015fleyi\u015fine y\u00f6nelikse 312 g\u00fcndeme gelir. Yasama organ\u0131na y\u00f6nelik eylemler ise TCK 311&#8217;de ayr\u0131ca d\u00fczenlenir.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Cebir ve \u015fiddet olmadan bu su\u00e7lar olu\u015fur mu?<\/summary>\n<p>Hay\u0131r. TCK 309, 311 ve 312 cebir ve \u015fiddet kullan\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a arar. \u015eiddet i\u00e7ermeyen d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce a\u00e7\u0131klamalar\u0131 ve bar\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131l siyasi faaliyetler bu maddelere girmez. Hareketlerin anayasal d\u00fczeni ger\u00e7ekten tehlikeye sokabilecek elveri\u015flilikte olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 da somut olay\u0131n ko\u015fullar\u0131na g\u00f6re de\u011ferlendirilir. Ba\u015fka su\u00e7 tipleri ise ayr\u0131ca incelenebilir.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Silahl\u0131 \u00f6rg\u00fct \u00fcyeli\u011fi ka\u00e7 y\u0131l ceza al\u0131r?<\/summary>\n<p>TCK 314\/2&#8217;ye g\u00f6re 5 ile 10 y\u0131l aras\u0131 hapis cezas\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. Ter\u00f6r su\u00e7u oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in TMK m. 5&#8217;teki yar\u0131 oran\u0131nda art\u0131r\u0131m da uygulan\u0131r. Kurma veya y\u00f6netmenin cezas\u0131 10 ile 15 y\u0131l aras\u0131d\u0131r. TMK m. 5&#8217;teki art\u0131r\u0131m \u00e7ocuklar hakk\u0131nda uygulanmaz. 7571 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanunla TCK 220&#8217;de yap\u0131lan ceza art\u0131\u015f\u0131 ise 314&#8217;teki aral\u0131klar\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirmedi.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>\u00d6rg\u00fctten ayr\u0131lan ki\u015fi ceza al\u0131r m\u0131?<\/summary>\n<p>\u00d6rg\u00fct faaliyeti \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde bir su\u00e7a i\u015ftirak etmeden g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc olarak ayr\u0131l\u0131p bunu ilgili makamlara bildiren \u00fcyeye ceza verilmez (TCK 221\/2, 314\/4 yollamas\u0131yla). Teslim olup \u00f6rg\u00fct hakk\u0131nda bilgi veren ki\u015fi de \u00f6rg\u00fct su\u00e7undan cezaland\u0131r\u0131lmaz; yakaland\u0131ktan sonra bilgi verirse cezas\u0131 indirilir. Hiyerar\u015fiye dahil olmadan \u00f6rg\u00fcte bilerek yard\u0131m eden ki\u015fi ise \u00fcye olarak cezaland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r, ancak cezas\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7te birine kadar indirilebilir.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Su\u00e7 i\u00e7in anla\u015fmadan vazge\u00e7en ki\u015fi ceza al\u0131r m\u0131?<\/summary>\n<p>Hay\u0131r, zaman\u0131nda \u00e7ekilirse. TCK 316\/2&#8217;ye g\u00f6re ama\u00e7lanan su\u00e7 i\u015flenmeden veya anla\u015fma nedeniyle soru\u015fturma ba\u015flamadan \u00f6nce ittifaktan \u00e7ekilen ki\u015fiye ceza verilmez. Soru\u015fturma ba\u015flad\u0131ktan sonra \u00e7ekilme bu sonucu do\u011furmaz. Su\u00e7 i\u00e7in anla\u015fmada kal\u0131c\u0131 bir \u00f6rg\u00fct yap\u0131s\u0131 aranmaz. Ceza, ama\u00e7lanan su\u00e7lar\u0131n a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6re 3\u201312 y\u0131l hapistir.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Anayasal d\u00fczene kar\u015f\u0131 su\u00e7larda zamana\u015f\u0131m\u0131 var m\u0131?<\/summary>\n<p>Evet, ancak s\u00fcre \u00e7ok uzundur. A\u011f\u0131rla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f m\u00fcebbet hapis gerektiren su\u00e7larda dava zamana\u015f\u0131m\u0131 30 y\u0131ld\u0131r (TCK 66\/1-a). D\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc K\u0131s\u0131mdaki a\u011f\u0131rla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f m\u00fcebbet, m\u00fcebbet veya on y\u0131ldan fazla hapis gerektiren su\u00e7lar yurt d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda i\u015flenmi\u015fse dava zamana\u015f\u0131m\u0131 hi\u00e7 uygulanmaz (TCK 66\/7). Somut dosyada su\u00e7 tarihi ve kesen i\u015flemler ayr\u0131ca incelenir.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"hk-kaynak\">\n<p class=\"hk-kaynak__baslik\">Mevzuat ve kaynaklar<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.mevzuat.gov.tr\/mevzuat?MevzuatNo=5237&amp;MevzuatTur=1&amp;MevzuatTertip=5\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">5237 say\u0131l\u0131 T\u00fcrk Ceza Kanunu, m. 31, 66, 220\u2013221, 309\u2013317<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.mevzuat.gov.tr\/mevzuat?MevzuatNo=3713&amp;MevzuatTur=1&amp;MevzuatTertip=5\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">3713 say\u0131l\u0131 Ter\u00f6rle M\u00fccadele Kanunu, m. 3\u20135<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.resmigazete.gov.tr\/eskiler\/2025\/01\/20250109.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Resm\u00ee Gazete, 9.1.2025: Anayasa Mahkemesi, E.2024\/81, K.2024\/189<\/a><\/li>\n<li>5271 say\u0131l\u0131 Ceza Muhakemesi Kanunu, m. 100, 108, 135, 140, 153, 161, 268<\/li>\n<li>7593 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun, RG 18.08.2026, say\u0131 33344, m. 2<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"hk-ilgili\">\n<p class=\"hk-ilgili__baslik\">\u0130lgili makaleler<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/ahmetgokhanmutlu.av.tr\/index.php\/2023\/11\/08\/suc-islemek-amaciyla-orgut-kurma-sucu-ve-cezasi-nedir\/\">\u00d6rg\u00fct Kurma Su\u00e7u Nedir, Cezas\u0131 Ka\u00e7 Y\u0131l? TCK 220 \u00dcyelik, Silahl\u0131 \u00d6rg\u00fct ve Pi\u015fmanl\u0131k<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/ahmetgokhanmutlu.av.tr\/index.php\/2023\/08\/08\/6136-sayili-atesli-silahlar-ve-bicaklar-ile-diger-aletler-hakkinda-kanun\/\">6136 Say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun: Ruhsats\u0131z Silah Cezas\u0131 Ka\u00e7 Y\u0131l, Silah Ka\u00e7ak\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve 13\/A Su\u00e7u<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/ahmetgokhanmutlu.av.tr\/index.php\/2024\/06\/03\/terorizmin-finansmaninin-onlenmesi-hakkinda-kanunun-amac-ve-kapsami-nedir\/\">Ter\u00f6rizmin Finansman\u0131 Su\u00e7u ve Cezas\u0131 (6415 m. 4): Kast \u015eart\u0131, Mal Dondurma ve \u0130tiraz<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/ahmetgokhanmutlu.av.tr\/index.php\/2017\/10\/09\/5237-sayili-turk-ceza-kanunu\/\">5237 Say\u0131l\u0131 T\u00fcrk Ceza Kanunu Nedir? Yap\u0131s\u0131, Su\u00e7 Gruplar\u0131 ve 2024\u20132026 De\u011fi\u015fiklikleri<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"hk-yazar\"><img src=\"https:\/\/ahmetgokhanmutlu.av.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/gokhanmutlu.jpg\" alt=\"Av. Ahmet G\u00f6khan Mutlu\" width=\"96\" height=\"96\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" \/><\/p>\n<div class=\"hk-yazar__metin\">\n<p class=\"hk-yazar__ust\">Yazar hakk\u0131nda<\/p>\n<p class=\"hk-yazar__ad\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ahmetgokhanmutlu.av.tr\/index.php\/ankara-agir-ceza-avukati-avukat-ahmet-gokhan-mutlu\/\">Av. Ahmet G\u00f6khan Mutlu<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Ankara Barosuna kay\u0131tl\u0131 avukat (Sicil No: 19638), \u00c7ankaya \u00dcniversitesi Hukuk Fak\u00fcltesi 2006 mezunu. Ceza uzla\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131s\u0131d\u0131r; Adalet Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 arabulucu siciline ve T\u00dcRKPATENT marka vekilli\u011fi siciline kay\u0131tl\u0131d\u0131r. Ankara Barosu CMK Merkezi, Bili\u015fim Kurulu ve Fikri M\u00fclkiyet ve Rekabet Kurulu \u00fcyesidir.<\/p>\n<p class=\"hk-yazar__not\">Bu yaz\u0131 27 Eyl\u00fcl 2026 tarihinde y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fckteki mevzuata g\u00f6re g\u00f6zden ge\u00e7irilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"hk-cta\">\n<p class=\"hk-cta__baslik\">Somut durumunuz i\u00e7in hukuki de\u011ferlendirme<\/p>\n<p>Her dosyan\u0131n su\u00e7 tarihi, delilleri ve usul a\u015famas\u0131 farkl\u0131d\u0131r. S\u00fcre ka\u00e7\u0131rmamak ve haklar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 do\u011fru kullanmak i\u00e7in dosyan\u0131z\u0131 bir avukatla birlikte de\u011ferlendirmeniz \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>\n<p>Telefon: <a href=\"tel:+905327145045\">0 532 714 50 45<\/a> \u00b7 E-posta: <a href=\"mailto:bilgi@ahmetgokhanmutlu.av.tr\">bilgi@ahmetgokhanmutlu.av.tr<\/a> \u00b7 <a href=\"https:\/\/ahmetgokhanmutlu.av.tr\/index.php\/ankara-agir-ceza-avukati-iletisim\/\">\u0130leti\u015fim ve adres bilgileri<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p class=\"hk-yasal\">Bu yaz\u0131 genel bilgilendirme ama\u00e7l\u0131d\u0131r ve hukuki m\u00fctalaa niteli\u011fi ta\u015f\u0131maz. Somut olayda su\u00e7 tarihi, deliller ve g\u00fcncel mevzuat birlikte de\u011ferlendirilmelidir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>G\u00fcncellendi 27 Eyl\u00fcl 2026\u00b7Mevzuat kontrol\u00fc: Resm\u00ee Gazete ve mevzuat.gov.tr\u00b7Yazar: Av. Ahmet G\u00f6khan Mutlu Anayasal d\u00fczene kar\u015f\u0131 su\u00e7lar, T\u00fcrk Ceza Kanunu&#8217;nun 309 ile 316. maddeleri aras\u0131nda d\u00fczenlenen ve Anayasa&#8217;n\u0131n kurdu\u011fu d\u00fczen ile yasama ve y\u00fcr\u00fctme organlar\u0131n\u0131n i\u015fleyi\u015fini koruyan su\u00e7lard\u0131r. Anayasay\u0131 ihlal, yasama organ\u0131na ve h\u00fck\u00fbmete kar\u015f\u0131 su\u00e7lar a\u011f\u0131rla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f m\u00fcebbet hapis gerektirir. Silahl\u0131 \u00f6rg\u00fct kurma veya y\u00f6netme [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1109,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[4,157,158,7,147,148,151,150,149,209,210,213,212,211,152,153,156,155,154],"class_list":["post-241","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-makaleler","tag-5237-sayili-tck-309-maddesi","tag-akyurt-asliye-ceza-avukati","tag-akyurt-sulh-ceza-avukati","tag-anayasal-duzene-karsi-islenen-suclar","tag-ankara-agir-ceza-avukati","tag-ankara-asliye-ceza-avukati","tag-ankara-cocuk-agir-ceza-avukati","tag-ankara-cocuk-avukati","tag-ankara-sulh-ceza-avukati","tag-izmir-agir-ceza-avukati","tag-izmirasliye-ceza-avukati","tag-izmircocuk-agir-ceza-avukati","tag-izmircocuk-avukati","tag-izmirsulh-ceza-avukati","tag-sincan-agir-ceza-avukati","tag-sincan-asliye-ceza-avukati","tag-sincan-cocuk-agir-ceza-avukati","tag-sincan-cocuk-avukati","tag-sincan-sulh-ceza-avukati"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ahmetgokhanmutlu.av.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/241","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ahmetgokhanmutlu.av.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ahmetgokhanmutlu.av.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ahmetgokhanmutlu.av.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ahmetgokhanmutlu.av.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=241"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/ahmetgokhanmutlu.av.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/241\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1113,"href":"https:\/\/ahmetgokhanmutlu.av.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/241\/revisions\/1113"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ahmetgokhanmutlu.av.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1109"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ahmetgokhanmutlu.av.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=241"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ahmetgokhanmutlu.av.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=241"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ahmetgokhanmutlu.av.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=241"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}